Peter Greenaway reminds me of Madonna. After close to 10 years
of making records, videos, and movies designed to shock people,
Madonna finally got a parental warning sticker on her 1992 album
Erotica. Being publicly declared a "deviant" was a fluffy
little feather in Madonna's ever-changing hat, at least for those
members of certain circles, for whom deviance equals art.
Madonna had finally "made it" when she was censored by the PMRC,
and she rode the wave of her newly-elevated reputation for all it
was worth. Unfortunately for Madonna, she's neither a great
artist nor does she get under anyone's skin anymore. She's too
predictable. The same could be said for Peter Greenaway, whose
work disturbs the conservative element and serves to brand him
The Disturbed Genius, or at least a little touched in the head.
And in those same artistic circles to which Madonna still
aspires, it gives him a certain credibility, a particular
position that only deviance in particular, sexual deviance
can secure.
But Greenaway's deviance, like Madonna's, is its own brand of
conformity. 8 1/2 Women is his latest in a long line of films
designed to push his viewers' buttons, and it does so in his own
trademark way, with a story and characters so far removed from
reality, so deeply disturbed, that we, as viewers, have no choice
but to shake our heads and feel relief in our own normality, as
we position ourselves against the characters Greenaway creates
and tries to bring to life on the screen. Ultimately, however,
the director doesn't bring much of anything to life.
8 1/2 Women tells the story of Philip Emmenthal (John
Standing), a wealthy banker, and his thirty-something son, Storey
(Matthew Delamere). While Philip is devastated at the sudden
loss of his wife, Storey copes with his mother's death by
literally seducing his father into living out his repressed
sexual fantasies, fantasies that start with sleeping with his own
son and end with creating a harem of disenfranchised women who
live in his mansion and share the attentions of father and son
alike. The women are "collected" for the various and specific
idiosyncracies they bring to the table, and all are coded as
deviant in one way or another: Mio (Kirina Mano) is sexually
aroused only by the male female impersonators she finds in
traditional Kabuki theatre; Simato (Shizuka Inoh) is addicted to
playing Pachinko machines; Beryl (Amanda Plummer) is obsessed
with horses, has sex with a pet pig, and spends the first half of
the film all but immobilized in a body brace that is positively
Cronenberg-esque in its festishizing of flesh and machine. The
other women are Kito (Vivian Wu), a stereotypical hard-ass
businesswoman; a former nun named Griselda (Toni Collette); the
maid of the house, Clothilde (Barbara Sarafin), who cared for the
dead wife; Giaconda (Natacha Amal), whose only goal is to be
pregnant and rich; Palimira (Polly Walker), a fugitive from the
law with a "big black boyfriend"; and the last the "1/2 woman"
to whom the title refers is in a wheelchair and has had both
legs amputated.
For all their superficial differences, the women are actually
surprisingly homogenous, in attitude as well as their
intellectual and emotional void, and in their collective role as
the "exotic other." The Emmenthal men assign "their" women
numbers within the household, so that they may serve their
masters in rotation, in exchange for the restitution of their
financial debts, creating a prostitution ring that Philip, in
particular, mistakes for some kind of genuine affection on the
parts of the women he has "rented." Both Philip and Storey
clearly understand that the women are there to work off their
debts, but that doesn't stop them from commiserating on how one
woman is a bit cold, and how another isn't as adventurous with
one man as with the other, as though the women should want to
please father as son as men, not just as debt collectors.
While this might seem like the typical and familiar Greenaway
misogyny viewers have come to expect, the film appears to preempt
this charge by allowing the female characters a certain amount of
power; in the end, virtually all the women blackmail Philip into
releasing them and sending them off with large chucks of money
severance packages, if you will for good measure and silence.
The men, of course, feel deeply and predictably betrayed at
this, while they are simultaneously relieved to be rid of the
overwhelming female presence in the house. The women,
supposedly, come out on top, while the men at least start to see
the errors of their presumptuous ways.
To say that Greenaway's attempt to explore the end of the sexual
revolution is "flawed" is generous, particularly because he
doesn't seem to understand that a sexual revolution is a multi-gendered
enterprise. In 8 1/2 Women, sexual revolution, like
sexual pleasure itself, is a masculine prerogative; after all,
there is very little that's revolutionary about prostitution, and
the Emmenthal men's only attempt to go out of their way to please
one of the women is still selfish and grounded in their own
desire: they dress in traditional Kabuki robes in order to
seduce Mio into sleeping with them. While the 8 1/2 women who
live in the Emmenthal home help Philip explore his previously
latent sexual fantasies, and while Storey takes full advantage of
their presence in order to create fantasies of his own, there is
absolutely no evidence that the women satisfy any of their
respective sexual curiosities. The revolution fantasy that
Greenaway creates, like the so-called sexual revolution of the
late 1960s and early 1970s, is about women learning to be free to
serve men in all sorts of new and exciting ways, but it's never
about women not serving men. Perhaps Greenaway's method of
approaching sexual revolution is to show us that it doesn't
exist. Or perhaps he just hasn't learned to create female
characters who are fleshed out, not just fleshy.
With 8 1/2 Women, Greenaway has taken the passion out of sex,
the deviance out of passion, and the sex out of deviance. He's
made Crash without the cars, Sister, My Sister without the
sisters, and Kissed without the shining dead bodies. His film
is sterile where it should be messy, and it's all too polished in
all the wrong places. Unlike Crash, for example, we don't see
the grit of the characters or get any insights into what
motivates their actions. For all its radical potential to
explore difficult and complicated issues of inter-generational
sex, commodity exchange, and sexualized familial relationships
8 1/2 Women instead strips the excitement and passion out of
its subjects.
But 8 1/2 Women isn't a complete failure. There are moments of
real beauty in this film, and even, dare I say it, clarity.
Greenaway is a skilled visualist, and his use of lighting and
setting is nothing short of breathtaking. The film's look changes
as the story moves back and forth between Japan and Europe, and
between the characters' interpersonal relationships and the
Emmenthals' business ventures: The casino shots are composed
with a keen eye toward a video game's aesthetic, which punctuates
Simato's gambling addiction and enhances the scenes set in Japan,
which is where all of Emmenthal's business transactions take
place. These scenes of the Orient portray the women as "exotic"
and fetishize Asian culture generally, both forming a wholly
seductive economy. Meanwhile, the subtle, rich collection of
textures and colors lend warmth to the European scenes of
delicate negotiation between the Emmenthal men and "their" women,
adding a lushness that betrays the complicated nature of their
varied relationships. Greenaway knows all about eye-candy, and
he's delivered it here in all its splendor.
But it's like a confused painting in a pretty frame. The actors
are wildly inconsistent (particularly John Standing), which may
have more to do with a total lack of development in the script
than a lack of talent in the cast, and the only real bright spots
in the film are Walker (whose performance is superb, even given
the most lackluster dialogue in recent memory) and Delamere,
whose portrayal of Storey invokes just the right mixture of
adorable fop and arrogant prick. The film doesn't let its
audience really care about any of these characters, women or
men. It simply introduces them, pronouncing how they fit into
the household, without giving us any reason to concern ourselves
with them as individuals. They are all static and placid, even
those who supposedly undergo life changes as a result of their
experiences at the Emmenthal home. And even when one of the
women dies, it's hard to care; viewers know that she was a number
in the Emmenthals' line-up who can be easily replaced, and our
perspective, as viewers, has no choice but to be aligned with the
Emmenthal men: she's a commodity, and nothing more.
In the end, Greenaway is perhaps a good filmmaker who just doesn't carry a story. For all his fascination with full male
nudity and male sexual explorations, Greenaway just can't bring himself to do anything really rebellious, or really novel. 8 1/2 Women tries to be disturbing, it tries to be artsy, and it tries to be deep. But in the end, it's neither disturbing nor artsy, and it's only deep enough to get your toes wet.